Islamic terrorism

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Islamic terrorism is the common term for violence,^[1] rooted in Islamism, and aimed at propagating Islamic culture, society, and values in opposition to the political, allegedly imperialistic, and cultural influences of non-Muslims, and the Western world in particular (cf. “Dar al-Harb“).^[2]

There are also political dimensions to the ideology, and the history of Western influence and control after the fall of the Ottoman Empire in 1918, is the common stated reason used within the ideology to justify and explain its use of violence as resistive and retributive against western influences.

The term, (or discourses using the term), have been attacked as “counter-productive”, “unhelpful”, “highly politicized, intellectually contestable” and “damaging to community relations”.^[3]

Terrorism

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Terrorism, despite considerable disagreement about a precise definition,^[1][2][3][4] is often considered to be deliberate^[5] violence^[6] or the threat of violence^[7] directed at innocent^[8][9] non-combatants^[8] and governments^[7] to cause fear^[6] systematically^[10] to attract media attention^[11] for causes which may be political^[5][3][6] or ideological^[7] or religious^[7] and which are viewed as coercive.^[7][10][12] An act which meets many or all of these criteria is often considered to be terrorism. There is considerable disagreement about whether the term can describe government or religious leaders and whether the term should be extended to include wartime acts. Further, the distinction between terrorism and crime is hard to specify.^[13][14]

The term is charged politically and emotionally and has strong negative connotations.^[15] Its meaning often depends on the ideology of the user and the context of its use. Studies have found more than one hundred definitions of the term.^[16][17] At present, there is no internationally agreed-upon definition. Governments have described opponents as terrorists to delegitimize them.^[18][19] Some suggest that the term terrorist is so fraught with conceptual problems that a better term would be violent non-state actor.^{[20][5][citation needed]} Terrorism has a long history and has been practiced by both right-wing and left-wing political parties, nationalistic groups, religious groups, revolutionaries, criminals, and others.^[21]

Terror

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Terror may refer to:

• Fear, an emotional response to threats and danger
• Horror and terror, standard literary and psychological concepts, especially as applied to Gothic literature
• Terrorism, a policy or act intended to intimidate or cause terror, usually for the furtherance of ideological goals
• State-sponsored terrorism, terrorism sponsored by nation-states
• State terrorism, acts of terrorism conducted by governments
• Political repression, persecution of individuals or groups for political reasons, often a policy of some states towards their own citizens